On 1 January 2022, revised State aid rules on Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs) entered into force in the EU. The new rules set out the criteria for eligible support to cross-border IPCEIs that overcome market failures and enable breakthrough innovation in key sectors and technologies and infrastructure investments, with positive spill-over effects for the EU economy at large.
Several EU Member States have decided to provide aid to hydrogen projects under an IPCEI manifesto launched during the German presidency of the EU Council in 2020.